通过智能元素识别进行可视化记录和回放
现代工具现在使用人工智能比传统选择器更可靠地识别元素。例如：
蟒蛇
# traditional explicit selector approach
button = driver.find_element(by.xpath, "//button[@id='submit-btn' or contains(@class, 'submit')]")
# modern low-code equivalent (automatically generates multiple fallback strategies)
click("submit") # the tool automatically tries:
# - text content matching
# - partial class matching
# - visual recognition
# - nearby element context
# - element hierarchy
自然语言测试用例
像 cucumber 这样的工具已经发展到支持更直观的测试编写：
小黄瓜
# modern bdd test scenario
feature: user authentication
scenario: successful login
given i am on the login page
when i enter "test@example.com" into the email field
and i enter "password123" into the password field
and i click the "sign in" button
then i should see the dashboard
and i should see "welcome back" message
# the low-code platform automatically generates the underlying code:
async function logintest() {
await page.navigate('login');
await page.fill('[data-test="email"]', 'test@example.com');
await page.fill('[data-test="password"]', 'password123');
await page.click('button:has-text("sign in")');
await expect(page).tohaveurl(/.*dashboard/);
await expect(page.locator('.welcome-message')).tocontaintext('welcome back');
}
智能测试维护
现代平台具有自我修复功能：
javascript
// configuration for smart element detection
{
"elementdetection": {
"primary": "id",
"fallback": ["css", "xpath", "text"],
"smartlocatorstrategy": {
"enabled": true,
"maxattempts": 3,
"timeout": 10000,
"healingreport": true
}
}
}
// the platform automatically maintains tests when ui changes:
await click("login") // if the button changes, the tool tries:
// 1. original selector
// 2. similar elements nearby
// 3. elements with similar text
// 4. elements in similar position
跨平台测试重用
现代低代码平台允许在不同平台上运行相同的测试：
yaml
# test configuration
test:
name: "login flow"
platforms:
- web:
browsers: ["chrome", "firefox", "safari"]
- mobile:
devices: ["ios", "android"]
- desktop:
apps: ["windows", "mac"]
actions:
- input:
field: "username"
value: "{test.data.username}"
- input:
field: "password"
value: "{test.data.password}"
- click:
element: "login"
- verify:
element: "dashboard"
state: "visible"
内置 api 集成测试
现代低代码平台无缝结合 ui 和 api 测试：
蟒蛇
# mixed ui and api test flow
test_flow = {
"steps": [
# ui step
{"action": "click", "element": "create_account"},
# api validation
{"action": "api_check",
"endpoint": "/api/user",
"method": "get",
"validate": {
"status": 200,
"response.username": "${created_username}"
}},
# continue ui flow
{"action": "verify", "element": "welcome_message"}
]
}
智能测试数据管理：
javascript
// Modern data-driven test configuration
{
"testData": {
"source": "dynamic",
"generator": {
"type": "smart",
"rules": {
"email": "valid_email",
"phone": "valid_phone",
"address": "valid_address"
},
"relationships": {
"shipping_zip": "match_billing_country"
}
}
}
}
现代低代码平台的主要优势是它们可以在可视化界面背后处理所有这些复杂性，同时仍然允许测试人员在需要时自定义底层代码。
