Linux下的基本指令

1. ls 指令

-r 对目录反向排序 -t 以时间排序 -s 在l文件名后输出该文件的大小。（大小排序，如何找到目录下最大的文件） -r 列出所有子目录下的文件(递归) -1 一行只输出一个文件

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:/# cd /rootroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# pwd/rootroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# cd .root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# pwd/rootroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# cd ..root@hcss-ecs-78b3:/# pwd/root@hcss-ecs-78b3:/#</code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# touch hello.txtroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# pwd/rootroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lshello.txt</code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# mkdir kianaroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lltotal 116drwx------ 12 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:03 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root 21926 Jul 22  2023 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:03 kiana/-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 10:11 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~#</code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# mkdir -p a/b/croot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lltotal 120drwx------ 13 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 a/drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root 21926 Jul 22  2023 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:03 kiana/-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 10:11 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# </code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# tree kianakiana0 directories, 0 filesroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# tree aa└── b    └── c2 directories, 0 filesroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# </code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# which tree/usr/bin/treeroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# which pwd/usr/bin/pwdroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# which ls/usr/bin/lsroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# </code>

如：

给pwd命令取别名叫做kiana

靠岸学术

一款集翻译，阅读，文献管理于一体的英文文献阅读器

下载

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:alias kiana=pwd</code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lltotal 120drwx------ 13 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 a/drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root 21926 Jul 22  2023 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:03 kiana/-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 10:11 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# rm -rf kianaroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lltotal 116drwx------ 12 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:22 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 a/drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root 21926 Jul 22  2023 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 10:11 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:</code>

<code class="javascript">root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~#  man manroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~#  man pwdroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~#  man ll</code>

<code class="javascript">drwx------ 12 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:22 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 a/drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root 21926 Jul 22  2023 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 10:11 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# man manroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# root@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# cp .wget-hsts get-docker.shroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# lltotal 96drwx------ 12 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:27 ./drwxr-xr-x 24 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:32 ../drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 11:05 a/drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible/drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 .ansible_async/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   298 Oct 15 10:15 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3144 Jul 22  2023 .bashrcdrwx------  2 root root  4096 Feb 10  2023 .cache/drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 docker-library/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Oct 15 11:32 get-docker.sh-rw-r--r--  1 root root  1326 Jul 21  2023 githubclone.sh-rw-------  1 root root     0 Feb 10  2023 .history-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 15353 Jul 22  2023 HSSInstall*-rw-------  1 root root    20 Oct 15 11:27 .lesshstdrwxr-xr-x  8 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 library/drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Oct 15 09:29 .local/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   161 Jul  9  2019 .profiledrwx------  4 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 snap/drwx------  2 root root  4096 Oct 11 19:41 .ssh/drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096 Jul 22  2023 stackhub/-rw-r--r--  1 root root   173 Jul 22  2023 .wget-hsts-rw-------  1 root root   177 Oct 15 11:03 .Xauthorityroot@hcss-ecs-78b3:~# </code>

<code class="javascript">[atong@LiWenTong ~]$ ls -l  / | moretotal 162drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 25 05:39 bindrwxr-xr-x  4 root root  1024 Apr 25 04:11bootdrwxr-xr-x  9 root root  3820 May  4 23:20 devdrwxr-xr-x 84 root root  4096 May  5 00:37 etc</code>

如图，我们压缩了一个压缩包day4.zip，将这个压缩包传递给other，但是当我们打开之后发现day4.zip下的文件并没有一起传送过去，只传了一个空文件夹day4.zip，解决方式就是要加上一个 ‘-r’

<code class="javascript">zip -r day4.zip day4</code>

<code class="javascript">cnt=0; while [ $cnt -le 100 ]; do echo "hello $cnt"; let cnt++;done</code>

<code class="javascript">cnt=0; while [ $cnt -le 100 ]; do touch code${cnt}.c; let cnt++;done</code>

完结撒花~