Velocity练习：使用vm模板生成最简单的html页面_html/css_WEB-ITnose

这几天要用到velocity模板引擎去做一些页面，所以学习了下这个工具。我的jdk版本为 1.8.0_25

需要做的准备工作有：

1、建立一个Java工程，需要引用Velocity相关的jar包，这些jar包可从apache.org下载到最新版本。 下载地址在：http://velocity.apache.org/download.cgi 。我下载的文件是velocity-tools-2.0.zip，将这些文件导入到项目中，就可以使用Velocity进行编码了。

2、安装Eclipse上的Velocity插件Veloedit。因为googlecode被gfw墙掉了，没有条件的朋友们可以安装网上下载到的离线安装版。这里还有一个需要注意，我的Eclipse版本为 Luna Service Release 1 (4.4.1)，这个版本必须要先利用Eclipse自带的update功能，下载“Elipse Tests, Examples, and Extras”。

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建立一个JavaProject，取名VelocityTool，里面新建两个java文件。

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其中，VelocityHelper.java包含一个Velocity模板转换工具类，代码如下：

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import java.io.File;import java.io.FileWriter;import org.apache.velocity.Template;import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;import org.apache.velocity.app.Velocity;import org.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine;/** *  * @文件名称 VelocityHelper.java * @文件作者 Tsybius2014 * @创建时间 2016年5月10日 下午2:14:01 */public class VelocityHelper {    /**     *      * @param inputVmFilePath     * @param outputHtmlFilePath     * @param context     * @throws Exception     */    public static void generateHtml(String inputVmFilePath, String outputHtmlFilePath,        VelocityContext context) throws Exception {        try {            Velocity.init();            VelocityEngine engine = new VelocityEngine();            Template template = engine.getTemplate(inputVmFilePath, "gbk");            File outputFile = new File(outputHtmlFilePath);             FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(outputFile);            template.merge(context, writer);            writer.close();        } catch (Exception ex) {            throw ex;        }    }}

VelocityTool.java中有main函数，代码如下：

import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Vector;import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;/** *  * @文件名称 VelocityTool.java * @文件作者 Tsybius2014 * @创建时间 2016年5月10日 上午10:03:59 */public class VelocityTool {    public static void main(String[] args) {        try {            VelocityContext context= new VelocityContext();            context.put("name", "Kim Jung-un");            context.put("gender", "Male");            context.put("email", "XXX@XXX.gov");            context.put("job", "Chairman of the WPK");            context.put("company", "Workers' Party Of Korea (WPK)");            context.put("address", "XXXXXXXXX, Pyongyang, North Korea");            context.put("portraitPath", "file:///C:/Users/Tsybius/Desktop/kju.jpg");            HashMap hashMapContact = new HashMap();            hashMapContact.put("Tel", "XXX-XXXXXXXX");            hashMapContact.put("Fax", "XXX-XXXXXXXX");            hashMapContact.put("Mobile", "XXX-XXXX-XXXX");            context.put("contactItems", hashMapContact);            Vector vectorRemark = new Vector();            vectorRemark.add("Kim Jong-un is the Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea.");            vectorRemark.add("Kim is the son of Kim Jong-il (1941–2011) and the grandson of Kim Il-sung (1912–1994).");            vectorRemark.add("Kim obtained two degrees, one in Physics at Kim Il-sung University, and another as an Army officer at the Kim Il-sung Military University.");            vectorRemark.add("Kim was named the World's 46th Most Powerful Person by the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People in 2013");            context.put("remarks", vectorRemark);            VelocityHelper.generateHtml(                "velocity_test.vm",                 "C:\\Users\\Tsybius\\Desktop\\output.html",                 context);            System.out.println("生成完毕");        } catch (Exception ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }    }}

模板velocity_test.vm是一个存储着人物通讯录的模板，代码如下：

#set($docDesc="VelocityTest")#set($docAuthor="Tsybius2014")#set($docDateTime="2016-05-10 14:29:04")#set($docRemark="none")                  
      
                
Address Book - $!{name}
      
      
                
          
            
              
Name:
              
$!{name}
              
Gender:
              
$!{gender}
              
                              
            
            
              
E-mail:
              
$!{email}
              
Job:
              
$!{job}
            
            
              
Company:
              
$!{company}
            
            
              
Address:
              
$!{address}
            
          
        
      
      
                
          
            
              
                Contact:              
              
                                  #foreach($contactItem in $contactItems.entrySet())                                      #end                 
                  
                    
                    
Contact Type
                    
Contact Code
                    
                  
                      
$velocityCount
                      
$contactItem.key
                      
$contactItem.value
                      
                    
              
            
          
        
      
      
                
          
            
              
                Remark:              
              
                                  #foreach($remark in $remarks)                                      #end                 
                      
[$velocityCount] $remark
                    
              
            
          
        
      
    
  

以JavaApplication的方式运行本工程后，生成的HTML页面output.html如下：

                  
      
                
Address Book - Kim Jung-un
      
      
                
          
            
              
Name:
              
Kim Jung-un
              
Gender:
              
Male
              
                              
            
            
              
E-mail:
              
kim001@northkorea.gov
              
Job:
              
Chairman of the WPK
            
            
              
Company:
              
Workers' Party Of Korea (WPK)
            
            
              
Address:
              
The Dark Side Laboratory, Pyongyang, North Korea
            
          
        
      
      
                
          
            
              
                Contact:              
              
                
                  
                    
                    
Contact Type
                    
Contact Code
                    
                  
                    
                      
1
                      
Tel
                      
XXX-XXXXXXXX
                      
                    
                    
                      
2
                      
Fax
                      
XXX-XXXXXXXX
                      
                    
                    
                      
3
                      
Mobile
                      
XXX-XXXX-XXXX
                      
                    
                  
              
            
          
        
      
      
                
          
            
              
                Remark:              
              
                
                  
                    
[1] Kim Jong-un is the Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea.
                  
                  
                    
[2] Kim is the son of Kim Jong-il (1941–2011) and the grandson of Kim Il-sung (1912–1994).
                  
                  
                    
[3] Kim obtained two degrees, one in Physics at Kim Il-sung University, and another as an Army officer at the Kim Il-sung Military University.
                  
                  
                    
[4] Kim was named the World's 46th Most Powerful Person by the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People in 2013
                  
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
  

使用 Firefox 46.0.1 打开此页面后效果图如下：

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（部分内容摘自对应人物的维基百科页面）

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