PHP经过长时间的发展，很多用户都很了解PHP了，我们现在可以利用PHP函数实现采集器程序。何为采集器，通常又叫小偷程序，主要是用来抓取别人网页内容的。关于采集器的制作，其实并不难，就是远程打开要采集的网页，然后用正则表达式将需要的内容匹配出来，只要稍微有点正则表达式的基础，都能做出自己的采集器来的。
前几天做了个小说连载的程序，因为怕更新麻烦，顺带就写了个采集器，采集八路中文网的，功能比较简单，不能自定义规则，不过大概思路都在里面了，自定义规则可以自己来扩展。用php来做采集器主要用到两个PHP函数：file_get_contents()和preg_match_all()，前一个是远程读取网页内容的，不过只在php5以上的版本才能用，后一个是正则函数，用来提取需要的内容的。面就一步一步来讲功能实现。因为是采集小说，所以首先要将书名、作者、类型这三个提取出来，别的信息可根据需要提取。
这样还不够，还需要一个切取PHP函数：
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<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>function cut($string,$start,$end){ </span></span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">message</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">explode</font></span><span>($start,$string); </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">message</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">explode</font></span><span>($end,$message[1]); return $message[0];}其中$string为要被切取的内容，$start为开始的地方，$end为结束的地方。取出分类号： </span></li><li class=""><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">start</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"Html/Book/"</font></span><span>; </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">end</font></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>= </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"List.shtm"</font></span><span>; </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">typeid</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">cut</font></span><span>($typeid[0][0],$start,$end); </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">typeid</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">explode</font></span><span>("/",$typeid);[/php] </span></li><li class=""><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>这样，$typeid[0]就是我们要找的分类号了。方法如下： </span></li><li class=""><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">ustart</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">""</font></span><span>"; </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">uend</font></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>= </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">""</font></span><span>"; </span></li><li class=""><span>//t表示title的缩写 </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">tstart</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">">"</font></span><span>; </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">tend</font></span><span> </span></li><li class="alt"><span>= </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"<"</font></span><span>; </span></li><li class=""><span>//取路径,例如:123.shtm,2342.shtm,233.shtm </span></li><li class="alt"><span>preg_match_all("/"[0-9]{1,}.(shtm)"/is",$chapterurl,$url); </span></li><li class=""><span>//取标题,例如:第一章 九世善人 </span></li><li class="alt"><span>preg_match_all("/</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><</span><span class="tag-name">a</span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">href</font></span><span>="[0-9]{1,}.shtm"(.*?)</span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699"><</font></strong></span><span>/a</span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span>/is",$file,$title); </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">count</font></span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">countcount</font></span><span> = count($url[0]); </span></li><li class="alt"><span>for($</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">i</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">0</font></span><span>;$i</span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699"><</font></strong></span><span>=$count;$i++) </span></li><li class=""><span>{ </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">u</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">cut</font></span><span>($url[0][$i],$ustart,$uend); </span></li><li class=""><span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">t</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">cut</font></span><span>($title[0][$i],$tstart,$tend); </span></li><li class="alt"><span>$array[$u] = $t; </span></li><li class=""><span>} </span></li></ol>$array数组就是所有的章节地址了，到这里，采集器就完成一半了，剩下的就是循环打开每个章节地址，读取，然后将内容匹配出来。这个比较简单，这里就不详细叙述了。好了，今天就先写到这吧，第一次写这么长的文章，语言组织方面难免有问题，还请大家多包涵！
