除了使用继承iconfigurationsectionhandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类,还可以通过继承configurationsection类实现同样效果。
首先说下.Net配置文件中一个潜规则
在配置节点时,对于想要进行存储的参数数据,可以采用两种方式:一种是存储到节点的属性中,另一种是存储在节点的文本中。
因为一个节点可以有很多属性,但是只要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题,.net的配置文件只是用属性存储而不使用innertext.
接着,我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自定义配置文件,方便测试:
接着,我们来写相应的处理类,这里我们由内向外来写:
首先是最内层的mailServer:
////// Class MailServerElement:用于映射mailServer节点,这里是实际存储数据的地方; /// ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:51:57 public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement //配置文件中的配置元素 { ////// Gets or sets the client. /// ///The client. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:40 [ConfigurationProperty("client", IsKey = true, IsRequired = true)] //client是必须的key属性,有点儿主键的意思,例如,如果定义多个client相同的节点,循环读取的话就只读取到最后一个值 public string Client { get { return this["client"] as string; } set { this["client"] = value; } } ////// Gets or sets the address. /// ///The address. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:38 [ConfigurationProperty("address")] public string Address { get { return this["address"] as string; } set { this["address"] = value; } } ////// Gets or sets the name of the user. /// ///The name of the user. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:35 [ConfigurationProperty("userName")] public string UserName { get { return this["userName"] as string; } set { this["userName"] = value; } } ////// Gets or sets the password. /// ///The password. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:33 [ConfigurationProperty("password")] public string Password { get { return this["password"] as string; } set { this["password"] = value; } } }
接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合:
////// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点,为一个集合类,另外还包含了很多对节点的操作方法,大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection /// ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:52:00 public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection { ////// 获取 ///的类型。 /// The type of the collection. ///此集合的 ///。 Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:08 public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType { get { return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap; } } ////// 当在派生的类中重写时,创建一个新的 ///。 /// 新的 ///。 Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:03 protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MailServerElement(); } ////// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。 /// /// 要为其返回键的。 /// 一个 ///,用作指定 的键。 Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:04:51 protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return (element as MailServerElement).Client; } ////// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件中此元素集合的名称。 /// ///The name of the element. ///集合的名称;否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。 ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:41:40 protected override string ElementName { get { return "mailServer"; } } ////// 获取集合中的元素数。 /// ///The count. ///集合中的元素数。 ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:08:24 public new int Count { get { return base.Count; } } ////// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// /// The index. ///MailServerElement. ///Editor:v-liuhch public MailServerElement this[int index] { get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; } set { if (BaseGet(index) != null) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } BaseAdd(index, value); } } ////// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。 /// /// The name. ///MailServerElement. ///Editor:v-liuhch new public MailServerElement this[string Name] { get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; } } ////// Indexes the of. /// /// The element. ///System.Int32. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:24:16 public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element) { return BaseIndexOf(element); } ////// Adds the specified element. /// /// The element. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:26:06 public void Add(MailServerElement element) { BaseAdd(element); } ////// Removes the specified element. /// /// The element. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:27:01 public void Remove(MailServerElement element) { if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0) { BaseRemove(element.Client); } } ////// Removes at. /// /// The index. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:33:29 public void RemoveAt(int index) { BaseRemoveAt(index); } ////// Removes the specified client. /// /// The client. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:04 public void Remove(string client) { BaseRemove(client); } ////// Clears this instance. /// ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:29 public void Clear() { BaseClear(); } }
最后是最外层的group:
////// Class MailServerSection 为入口: /// ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:41:02 public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection //继承配置文件中节 { ////// Gets the provider.:映射mailServerGroup节点的provider /// ///The provider. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:59 [ConfigurationProperty("provider", IsKey = true)] public string provider { get { return this["provider"] as string; } } ////// Gets or sets the mail servers.:映射新添加的节点mailServers节点;这个节点下还包含了若干个mailServer节点,因此它是一个集合类 /// ///The mail servers. ///Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:56 [ConfigurationProperty("mailServers", IsDefaultCollection = false)] public MailServerCollection MailServers { get { return this["mailServers"] as MailServerCollection; } set { this["mailServers"] = value; } } }
同样,关联处理类和节点:
之后做个测试:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Test();
}
///
/// Tests this instance.:读取节点值示例
///
/// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:04:53
private static void Test() {
MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailServerGroup");
Console.WriteLine("MailServerSection 的provider属性值:"+mailSection.provider);
foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("client值为:"+config.Client);
Console.WriteLine("address值为:"+config.Address);
Console.WriteLine("username值为:"+config.UserName);
Console.WriteLine("password值为:"+config.Password);
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
} 本来还想传张结果图,但是网速慢,算啦,喜欢玩儿的童鞋自己run下结果。。。。。
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