JAVA与C#比较的代码详细介绍

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package hello;

public class HelloWorld {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String name = "Java";

      // See if an argument was passed from the command line
      if (args.length == 1)
         name = args[0];

      System.out.println("Hello, " + name + "!");
    }
}

using System;

namespace Hello {
   public class HelloWorld {
      public static void Main(string[] args) {
         string name = "C#";

         // See if an argument was passed from the command line
         if (args.Length == 1)
            name = args[0];

         Console.WriteLine("Hello, " + name + "!");
      }
   }
}

// Single line
/* Multiple
    line  */
/** Javadoc documentation comments */

// Single line
/* Multiple
    line  */
/// XML comments on a single line
/** XML comments on multiple lines */

Primitive Types
boolean
byte
char
short, int, long
float, double

Reference Types
Object   (superclass of all other classes)
String
arrays, classes, interfaces
Conversions
// int to String
int x = 123;
String y = Integer.toString(x);  // y is "123"
// String to int
y = "456"; 
x = Integer.parseInt(y);   // x is 456
// double to int
double z = 3.5;
x = (int) z;   // x is 3  (truncates decimal)

Value Types
bool
byte, sbyte
char
short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong
float, double, decimal
structures, enumerations
Reference Types
object    (superclass of all other classes)
string
arrays, classes, interfaces, delegates
Convertions
// int to string
int x = 123;
String y = x.ToString();  // y is "123"
// string to int
y = "456";
x = int.Parse(y);   // or x = Convert.ToInt32(y);
// double to int
double z = 3.5;
x = (int) z;   // x is 3  (truncates decimal)

// May be initialized in a constructor 
final double PI = 3.14;

const double PI = 3.14;
// Can be set to a const or a variable. May be initialized in a constructor. 
readonly int MAX_HEIGHT = 9;

enum Action {Start, Stop, Rewind, Forward};
// Special type of class 
enum Status {
  Flunk(50), Pass(70), Excel(90);
  private final int value;
  Status(int value) { this.value = value; }
  public int value() { return value; } 
};
Action a = Action.Stop;
if (a != Action.Start)
  System.out.println(a);               // Prints "Stop"

Status s = Status.Pass;
System.out.println(s.value());      // Prints "70"

enum Action {Start, Stop, Rewind, Forward};
enum Status {Flunk = 50, Pass = 70, Excel = 90};
No equivalent.





Action a = Action.Stop;
if (a != Action.Start)
  Console.WriteLine(a);             // Prints "Stop"
Status s = Status.Pass;
Console.WriteLine((int) s);       // Prints "70"

Comparison
==  <  >  <=  >=  !=
Arithmetic
+  -  *  /
%  (mod)
/   (integer pision if both operands are ints)
Math.Pow(x, y)
Assignment
=  +=  -=  *=  /=   %=   &=  |=  ^=  <<=  >>=  >>>=  ++  --
Bitwise
&  |  ^   ~  <<  >>  >>>
Logical
&&  ||  &  |   ^   !
Note: && and || perform short-circuit logical evaluations
String Concatenation
+

Comparison
==  <  >  <=  >=  !=
Arithmetic
+  -  *  /
%  (mod)
/   (integer pision if both operands are ints)
Math.Pow(x, y)
Assignment
=  +=  -=  *=  /=   %=  &=  |=  ^=  <<=  >>=  ++  --
Bitwise
&  |  ^   ~  <<  >>
Logical
&&  ||  &  |   ^   !
Note: && and || perform short-circuit logical evaluations
String Concatenation
+

greeting = age < 20 ? "What's up?" : "Hello";
if (x < y)
  System.out.println("greater");
if (x != 100) {   
  x *= 5;
  y *= 2;
}
else
  z *= 6;
int selection = 2;
switch (selection) {     // Must be byte, short, int, char, or enum
  case 1: x++;            // Falls through to next case if no break
  case 2: y++;   break;
  case 3: z++;   break;
  default: other++;
}

greeting = age < 20 ? "What's up?" : "Hello";
if (x < y) 
  Console.WriteLine("greater");
if (x != 100) {   
  x *= 5;
  y *= 2;
}
else
  z *= 6;

string color = "red";
switch (color) {                         // Can be any predefined type
  case "red":    r++;    break;       // break is mandatory; no fall-through
  case "blue":   b++;   break;
  case "green": g++;   break;
  default: other++;     break;      // break necessary on default
}

while (i < 10)
  i++;

for (i = 2; i <= 10; i += 2) 
  System.out.println(i);
do 
  i++; 
while (i < 10);
for (int i : numArray)  // foreach construct  
  sum += i;
// for loop can be used to iterate through any Collection
import java.util.ArrayList;
ArrayList