实体类与xml文件怎么转换

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发布时间：2018-03-31 10:01:22

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来源于php中文网

原创

这次给大家带来实体类与xml文件怎么转换，实体类与xml文件转换的注意事项有哪些，下面就是实战案例，一起来看一下。

最近写一个题目，要求将一组员工实体类转换成xml文件，或将xml文件转换成一组实体类。题目不难，但写完感觉可以利用泛型和反射将任意一个实体类和xml文件进行转换。于是今天下午立马动手

试了下，做了个简单的模型，可以将简单的实体类和xml文件进行相互转换，但对实体类的属性类型有限制，目前只支持String, Integer, Double三种类型。但是后面可以扩展。

我的大概思路是这样的，只要能拿到实体类的类型信息，我就能拿到实体类的全部字段名称和类型，拼属性的set和get方法更是简单明了，这时候只需要通过方法的反射，将xml文件的数据读取出来给这个反射即可。

反过来只要给我一个任意对象，我就能通过反射拿到该对象所有字段的值，这时候在写xml文件即可。

具体代码如下：

package com.pcq.entity;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
public class XMLAndEntityUtil {
 private static Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
 
 /**
  * 判断是否是个xml文件,目前类里尚未使用该方法
  * @param filePath 
  * @return
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("unused")
 private static boolean isXMLFile(String filePath) {
  File file = new File(filePath);
  if(!file.exists() || filePath.indexOf(".xml") > -1) {
   return false;
  }
  return true;
 }
 
 /**
  * 将一组对象数据转换成XML文件
  * @param list
  * @param filePath 存放的文件路径
  */
 public static  void writeXML(List list, String filePath) {
  Class c = list.get(0).getClass();
  String root = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase() + "s";
  Element rootEle = document.addElement(root);
  for(Object obj : list) {
   try {
    Element e = writeXml(rootEle, obj);
    document.setRootElement(e);
    writeXml(document, filePath);
   } catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException
     | IllegalAccessException | IllegalArgumentException
     | InvocationTargetException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }
 /**
  * 通过一个根节点来写对象的xml节点，这个方法不对外开放，主要给writeXML(List list, String filePath)提供服务
  * @param root
  * @param object
  * @return
  * @throws NoSuchMethodException
  * @throws SecurityException
  * @throws IllegalAccessException
  * @throws IllegalArgumentException
  * @throws InvocationTargetException
  */
 private static Element writeXml(Element root, Object object) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
  Class c = object.getClass();
  String className = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase();
  Element ele = root.addElement(className);
  Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
  for(Field f : fields) {
   String fieldName = f.getName();
   String param = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
   Element fieldElement = ele.addElement(fieldName);
   Method m = c.getMethod("get" + param, null);
   String s = "";
   if(m.invoke(object, null) != null) {
    s = m.invoke(object, null).toString();
   }
   fieldElement.setText(s);
  }
  return root;
 }
 
 /**
  * 默认使用utf-8
  * @param c
  * @param filePath
  * @return
  * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
  * @throws FileNotFoundException
  */
 public static  List getEntitys(Class c, String filePath) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException {
  return getEntitys(c, filePath, "utf-8");
 }
 /**
  * 将一个xml文件转变成实体类
  * @param c
  * @param filePath
  * @return
  * @throws FileNotFoundException 
  * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
  */
 public static  List getEntitys(Class c, String filePath, String encoding) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException {
  File file = new File(filePath);
  String labelName = c.getSimpleName().toLowerCase();
  SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
  List list = null;
   try {
   InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), encoding);
   Document document = reader.read(in);
   Element root = document.getRootElement();
   List elements = root.elements(labelName);
   list = new ArrayList();
   for(Iterator it = elements.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
     Element e = (Element)it.next();
     T t = getEntity(c, e);
     list.add(t);
    }
  } catch (DocumentException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (InstantiationException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  } catch (NoSuchMethodException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  } catch (SecurityException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IllegalArgumentException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  } catch (InvocationTargetException e1) {
   e1.printStackTrace();
  }
  return list;
 }
 
 
 /**
  * 将一种类型 和对应的 xml元素节点传进来，返回该类型的对象,该方法不对外开放
  * @param c 类类型
  * @param ele 元素节点
  * @return 该类型的对象
  * @throws InstantiationException
  * @throws IllegalAccessException
  * @throws NoSuchMethodException
  * @throws SecurityException
  * @throws IllegalArgumentException
  * @throws InvocationTargetException
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 private static  T getEntity(Class c, Element ele) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
  Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
  Object object = c.newInstance();//
  for(Field f : fields) {
   String type = f.getType().toString();//获得字段的类型
   String fieldName = f.getName();//获得字段名称
   String param = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);//把字段的第一个字母变成大写
   Element e = ele.element(fieldName);
   if(type.indexOf("Integer") > -1) {//说明该字段是Integer类型
    Integer i = null;
    if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
     i = Integer.parseInt(e.getTextTrim());
    }
    Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, Integer.class);
    m.invoke(object, i);//通过反射给该字段set值
   }
   if(type.indexOf("Double") > -1) { //说明该字段是Double类型
    Double d = null;
    if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
     d = Double.parseDouble(e.getTextTrim());
    }
    Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, Double.class);
    m.invoke(object, d);
   }
   if(type.indexOf("String") > -1) {//说明该字段是String类型
    String s = null;
    if(e.getTextTrim() != null && !e.getTextTrim().equals("")) {
     s = e.getTextTrim();
    }
    Method m = c.getMethod("set" + param, String.class);
    m.invoke(object, s);
   }
  }
  return (T)object;
 }
 /**
  * 用来写xml文件
  * @param doc Document对象
  * @param filePath 生成的文件路径
  * @param encoding 写xml文件的编码
  */
 public static void writeXml(Document doc, String filePath, String encoding) {
  XMLWriter writer = null;
  OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
  format.setEncoding(encoding);// 指定XML编码  
  try {
   writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(filePath), format);
   writer.write(doc);
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } finally {
   try {
    writer.close();
   } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }
 
 /**
  * 默认使用utf-8的格式写文件
  * @param doc
  * @param filePath
  */
 public static void writeXml(Document doc, String filePath) {
  writeXml(doc, filePath, "utf-8");
 }
}

假如有个实体类是：

package com.pcq.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Emp implements Serializable{
 private Integer id;
 private String name;
 private Integer deptNo;
 private Integer age;
 private String gender;
 private Integer bossId;
 private Double salary;
 public Integer getId() {
  return id;
 }
 public void setId(Integer id) {
  this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public Integer getDeptNo() {
  return deptNo;
 }
 public void setDeptNo(Integer deptNo) {
  this.deptNo = deptNo;
 }
 public Integer getAge() {
  return age;
 }
 public void setAge(Integer age) {
  this.age = age;
 }
 public String getGender() {
  return gender;
 }
 public void setGender(String gender) {
  this.gender = gender;
 }
 public Integer getBossId() {
  return bossId;
 }
 public void setBossId(Integer bossId) {
  this.bossId = bossId;
 }
 public Double getSalary() {
  return salary;
 }
 public void setSalary(Double salary) {
  this.salary = salary;
 }
 
}

那么写出来的xml文件格式如下：

假如有个实体类如下：

package com.pcq.entity;
public class Student {
 private Integer id;
 private String name;
 private Integer age;
 private String gender;
 public Integer getId() {
  return id;
 }
 public void setId(Integer id) {
  this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public Integer getAge() {
  return age;
 }
 public void setAge(Integer age) {
  this.age = age;
 }
 public String getGender() {
  return gender;
 }
 public void setGender(String gender) {
  this.gender = gender;
 }
 
}

那么写出来的xml文件如下