SpringBoot怎么集成RabbitMQ

SpringBoot 集成 RabbitMQ

首先搭建SpringBoot项目，在POM XML文件中添加如下依赖

<依赖>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactid></依赖><依赖>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid></依赖>

修改配置文件，添加如下RabbitMQ配置

服务器：
  port: 8888 # 设置端口号Spring：
  rabbitMQ：
    host: 127.0.0.1 # 设置 RabbitMQ 的主机
    port: 5672 # 设置 RabbitMQ 服务端口
    username: guest # 设置 RabbitMQ 用户名
    password: guest # 设置 RabbitMQ 密码

新的公共常量类

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public interface RabbitConstant { 
    /** 
     * 简单模式
     */ 
    String SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue"; 
    /** 
     * 工作模式
     */ 
    String WORK_QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue"; 
    /** 
     * 发布/订阅模式
     */ 
    String PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_EXCHANGE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_exchange"; 
    字符串 PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_first_queue"; 
    字符串 PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_second_queue"; 
    /** 
     * 路由模式
     */ 
    String ROUTING_EXCHANGE_NAME = "routing_exchange";
    字符串 ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_first_queue"; 
    字符串 ROUTING_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_second_queue"; 
    字符串 ROUTING_THIRD_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_third_queue"; 
    字符串 ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_first_queue_routing_key"; 
    字符串 ROUTING_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_second_queue_routing_key"; 
    字符串 ROUTING_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_third_queue_routing_key"; 
    /** 
     * 主题模式
     */ 
    String TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME = "topics_exchange"; 
    字符串 TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "topics_first_queue"; 
    字符串 TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "
    字符串 TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_NAME = "topics_third_queue"; 
    String TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.first.routing.key"; 
    String TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.second.routing.key"; 
    String TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.third.routing.key"; 
    字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_FIRST_WILDCARD = "#.first.#"; 
    字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_SECOND_WILDCARD = "*.second.#"; 
    字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_THRID_WILDCARD = "*.third.*"; 
    /** 
     * 标题模式
     */ 
    String HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME = "header_exchange"; 
    字符串 HEADER_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "header_first_queue"; 
    字符串 HEADER_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "header_second_queue"; 
    /**
     * rpc 模式
     */ 
    String RPC_QUEUE_NAME = "rpc_queue"; 
}

添加一个Controller请求类(用于验证结果，最后可以添加)

导入 com.example.rabbitmq.constant.RabbitConstant；
导入 org.springframework.amqp.core.Message；
导入 org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties；
导入 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate；
导入 org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired；
导入 org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping；
导入 org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController；
导入 java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets；@RestController public class RabbitController { 
    @Autowired 
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; 
    @GetMapping(value = "/simple") 
    public void simple() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME, "你好世界！"); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/work") 
    public void work() { 
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.WORK_QUEUE_NAME, "work hello!"); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/pubsub") 
    public void pubsub() { 
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, "发布/订阅你好"); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/routing") 
    public void routing() { 
        // 向第一个队列发送消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.ROUTING_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME, "路由你好"); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/topics") 
    public void topics() { 
        // 向第一个队列发送消息。这时候队列可以接收到消息，因为队列的通配符是#first.#，而routing_key是topics first。路由。键，匹配成功
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello");        // 向第二个队列发送消息。这时候队列也能收到消息了，因为队列的通配符是*秒#，而routing_key是topic秒。路由。键，匹配成功
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello"); 
        // 向第三个队列发送消息。此时队列无法接受消息，因为队列通配符是*第三个*，而routing_key是topics第三个。路由。键，匹配失败
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello"); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/header")    public void header() { 
        // 这个消息应该被两个队列接收。第一个队列全部匹配成功，第二个队列 Hello 值任意匹配成功
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); 
        messageProperties.setHeader("matchAll", "YES"); 
        messageProperties.setHeader("你好", "world"); 
        Message message = new Message("header first hello".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), messageProperties); 
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, message); 
        // 这个消息应该只被第二个队列接受。第一个队列全部匹配失败，
        MessageProperties messagePropertiesSecond = new MessageProperties(); 
        messagePropertiesSecond.setHeader("matchAll", "NO"); 
        Message messageSecond = new Message("header second hello".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), messagePropertiesSecond); 
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, messageSecond); 
    } 
    @GetMapping(value = "/rpc") 
    public void rpc() { 
        Object responseMsg = rabbitTemplate.convertSendAndReceive(RabbitConstant.RPC_QUEUE_NAME, "rpc hello!"); 
        System.out.println("rabbit rpc 响应消息：" + responseMsg); 
    } 
}