在本文中，我们将学习如何在CentOS 7上安装和配置MS SQL。微软最近宣布他们计划发布适用于Linux的MS SQL。特别是适用于RedHat企业版Linux、CentOS和Ubuntu的beta版本，但仅适用于64位版本。
先决条件
- 一台至少拥有4GB RAM和30GB硬盘空间的机器。
- 一台已安装CentOS 7的机器。
- 具有root权限或root用户的用户。
在CentOS上安装MS SQL Server
由于默认的CentOS仓库中没有MS SQL可用，我们需要将MS SQL仓库的详细信息添加到本地yum仓库中。
为了使用命令行安装MS SQL Server，我们需要将仓库添加到本地yum仓库中。
# curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 220 100 220 0 0 257 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 257
更新存储库后，我们将运行以下命令来安装 MS-SQL 服务器
# yum update # yum install -y mssql-server … … Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: bzip2 for package: mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: gdb for package: mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7 will be installed ---> Package gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-80.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: mssql-server x86_64 14.0.1.246-6 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server 138 M Installing for dependencies: bzip2 x86_64 1.0.6-13.el7 base 52 k gdb x86_64 7.6.1-80.el7 base 2.4 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages) … … +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Please run /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setup to complete the setup of | | Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R). | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ Verifying : mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 1/3 Verifying : gdb-7.6.1-80.el7.x86_64 2/3 Verifying : bzip2-1.0.6-13.el7.x86_64 3/3 Installed: mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6 Dependency Installed: bzip2.x86_64 0:1.0.6-13.el7 gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-80.el7 Complete!
配置MS SQL SA帐户
安装完成后，我们将运行sqlservr-setup脚本来设置SA的密码；我们需要为 SA 帐户提供一个强密码（至少 8 个字符、小写和大写字母以及 1 到 10 的数字或任何非字母数字字符）
# sudo /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setup Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Setup You can abort setup at any time by pressing Ctrl-C. Start this program with the --help option for information about running it in unattended mode. Please enter a password for the system administrator (SA) account: Please confirm the password for the system administrator (SA) account: Setting a password for the system administrator (SA) account Do you wish to start the SQL Server service now? [y/n]: Y Do you wish to enable SQL Server to start on boot? [y/n]: y Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server-telemetry.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server-telemetry.service. Setup completed successfully.
配置完成后，我们将重新启动MS SQL服务，并使用以下命令查看服务的状态：
重新启动服务
# systemctl start mssql-server
查看服务的状态
# systemctl status mssql-server mssql-server.service - Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Database EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2016-12-02 15:52:33 IST; 5min ago Main PID: 2299 (sqlservr) CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service ├─2299 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr └─2307 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr Dec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:22:37.31 spid17s.... Dec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-ser...' Dec 02 15:52:37 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:22:37.53 spid6s .... .. .. Dec 02 15:57:40 localhost.localdomain sqlservr[2299]: 2016-12-02 10:27:40.21 spid51 ...' Dec 02 15:57:43 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R)....Hint: Some lines were eclipsed, use -l to show in full.
打开 MS SQL 的防火墙
我们需要打开防火墙设置，以便可以访问 MS SQL，以下是打开防火墙的命令
# sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1433/tcp --permanent # sudo firewall-cmd –reload
安装 MS SQL 工具
我们需要下载 Microsoft 仓库。
# curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/msprod.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0 100 193 100 193 0 0 213 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 213
一旦将存储库安装在本地机器上，我们可以使用以下命令安装MS SQL工具：
# yum install mssql-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror packages-microsoft-com-prod | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 packages-microsoft-com-prod/primary_db | 4.6 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.digipower.vn * extras: mirror.digistar.vn * updates: mirror.digistar.vn Resolving Dependencies ======================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================== Installing: mssql-tools x86_64 14.0.1.246-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 249 k Installing for dependencies: libtool-ltdl x86_64 2.4.2-21.el7_2 updates 49 k msodbcsql x86_64 13.0.1.0-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 3.8 M unixODBC-utf16 x86_64 2.3.1-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 329 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages) Total download size: 4.5 M Installed size: 4.5 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: ^CN Exiting on user command Your transaction was saved, rerun it with: yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2016-12-02.17-18.RpEVqg.yumtx Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)YES Installing : msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 3/4 The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 and found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-tools/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES,' you indicate that you accept the license terms. Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO)YES Dependency Installed: libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-21.el7_2 msodbcsql.x86_64 0:13.0.1.0-1 unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 0:2.3.1-1 Complete!
连接到 Linux 上的 SQL Server
在计算机上安装工具后，我们将测试以下命令和一般语法以连接到 MS SQL Server。
语法
# sqlcmd –S IP-ADDRESS –U SA –P ‘CREATE DATABASE TEST1; 2>GO; 3>quit
在上面的文章中，我们学习了 – 如何安装 MS SQL Server、MS SQL 命令行工具来连接到服务器。我们还学习了 – 如何更改或设置 MS SQL 的 SA 帐户密码。
