文章目录
情况
使用root用户linux使用root用户linux压缩命令，由于权限足够大，所以做哪些事都好弄
非root用户，权限低时linux系统怎么样，连yuminstall都无法使用，那如何安装软件呢
安装rpm包
1、以安装wget工具为例
首先在windows浏览器上下载一个wget的rpm包
http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
之后模拟离线安装
2、使用非root用户登入linux系统
# 尝试安装yumdownloader，不行的，需要root权限 [nim01@svngit root]$ yum install yumdownloader Loaded plugins: fastestmirror You need to be root to perform this command. # 尝试执行wget命令，不行，没有安装 [nim01@svngit root]$ wget bash: wget: command not found # 尝试安装wget，不行的，需要root权限 [nim01@svngit root]$ yum install wget Loaded plugins: fastestmirror You need to be root to perform this command.
将我们下载的wget.***.rpm包，上传到linux系统中
Last login: Wed Dec2 09:44:05 2020 [nim01@svngit ~]$ pwd /home/nim01 # root已经安装lrzsz了，直接上传 [nim01@svngit ~]$ rz [nim01@svngit ~]$ ll total 548 -rw-r--r--. 1 nim01 nim01 560272 Dec22020 wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
3、安装rpm包
提取文件
# 执行下面指令，从安装包中提取文件 [nim01@svngit ~]$ rpm2cpio wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idvm ./etc/wgetrc ./usr/bin/wget ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14 ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/AUTHORS ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/COPYING ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/MAILING-LIST ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/NEWS ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/README ./usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/sample.wgetrc ./usr/share/info/wget.info.gz ./usr/share/locale/be/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/eo/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/ga/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/he/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/hr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/pt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/ro/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/vi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo ./usr/share/man/man1/wget.1.gz 4030 blocks
查看
# 提取完之后，当前目录多了etc和usr两个目录 [nim01@svngit ~]$ ll total 548 drwxrwxr-x. 2 nim01 nim01 20 Dec2 10:13 etc drwxrwxr-x. 4 nim01 nim01 30 Dec2 10:13 usr -rw-r--r--. 1 nim01 nim01 560272 Dec22020 wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
查看
# 进入usr/bin目录，可以看到可执行的wget文件 [nim01@svngit ~]$ cd usr/ [nim01@svngit usr]$ ll total 0 drwxrwxr-x. 2 nim01 nim01 18 Dec2 10:13 bin drwxrwxr-x. 6 nim01 nim01 54 Dec2 10:13 share [nim01@svngit usr]$ cd bin/ [nim01@svngit bin]$ ll total 412 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 nim01 nim01 418776 May 162019 wget
4、设置环境变量
在家目录中，直接编辑.bashrc文件，降低可执行程序的路径到系统PATH中
这样linux使用root用户，可以直接执行wget指令了
# .bashrc # Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then . /etc/bashrc fi # Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature: # export SYSTEMD_PAGER= # User specific aliases and functions export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/usr/bin
保存退出后
# 执行source，让修改生效 [nim01@svngit ~]$ source .bashrc # 执行wget，可正常使用 [nim01@svngit ~]$ wget wget: missing URL Usage: wget [OPTION]... [URL]... Try `wget --help' for more options.
