PHP和OpenCV库：如何实现人脸识别

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准备工作

1. 安装OpenCV库

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libatlas-base-dev gfortran python2.7-dev python3.6-dev

wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.2.0.zip
unzip opencv.zip

mkdir buildcd build

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

2. 安装PHP扩展

sudo apt-get install php7.4-dev

sudo apt-get install php-pear

sudo pecl install opencv

extension=opencv.so

sudo service apache2 restart

人脸检测

use \OpenCV\{
  CvImage,
  CvVideoCapture,
  CvWindow,
  CvFont,
  CvScalar};

function detectFace($inputImage){
  // 加载人脸识别器和级联分类器  $faceCascade = new \OpenCV\CascadeClassifier();
  $faceCascade->load('/path/to/haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml');

  // 加载输入图像  $image = new CvImage();
  $image->load($inputImage);

  // 将图像转换为灰度图像  $grayImage = $image->clone();
  $grayImage->toGray();

  // 检测人脸  $faces = $faceCascade->detectMultiScale($grayImage);

  // 在图像中绘制人脸矩形框  $rectColor = new CvScalar(0, 255, 0);
  foreach ($faces as $face) {
    $image->rectangle(
      $face->getX(),
      $face->getY(),
      $face->getX() + $face->getWidth(),
      $face->getY() + $face->getHeight(),
      $rectColor,
      2    );
  }

  // 在新窗口中显示图像  $window = new CvWindow('Face Detection');
  $window->showImage($image);
  $window->waitKey();
}

detectFace('/path/to/input/image.jpg');

人脸识别

function trainModel($trainingDataPath){
  // 加载训练数据集  $images = [];
  $labels = [];
  $labelsMap = [];

  foreach (glob($trainingDataPath . '/*') as $dir) {
    $label = basename($dir);
    $labelsMap[] = $label;

    foreach (glob($dir . '/*.jpg') as $file) {
      $images[] = CvImage::load($file);
      $labels[] = count($labelsMap) - 1;
    }
  }

  // 创建人脸识别模型  $model = new \OpenCV\Face\FisherFaceRecognizer();
  $model->train($images, $labels);

  // 保存模型  $model->save('/path/to/fisher_model.yml');

  // 保存标签映射  file_put_contents('/path/to/labels.txt', implode(PHP_EOL, $labelsMap));
}

function recognizeFace($inputImage){
  // 加载人脸识别模型  $model = new \OpenCV\Face\FisherFaceRecognizer();
  $model->load('/path/to/fisher_model.yml');

  // 加载标签映射  $labelsMap = file('/path/to/labels.txt', FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);

  // 加载输入图像  $image = CvImage::load($inputImage);
  $grayImage = $image->clone();
  $grayImage->toGray();

  // 检测人脸  $faceCascade = new \OpenCV\CascadeClassifier();
  $faceCascade->load('/path/to/haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml');
  $faces = $faceCascade->detectMultiScale($grayImage);

  // 遍历所有检测到的人脸  foreach ($faces as $face) {
    // 提取人脸区域    $faceImage = $grayImage->getROI($face->getX(), $face->getY(), $face->getWidth(), $face->getHeight());

    // 识别人脸    $predictedLabel = $model->predict($faceImage);

    // 在图像中绘制识别结果    $font = new CvFont();
    $font->scale(1);
    $font->color(new CvScalar(0, 255, 0));
    $image->putText(
      $labelsMap[$predictedLabel],
      new CvPoint($face->getX(), $face->getY() - 10),
      $font
    );
    $image->rectangle(
      $face->getX(),
      $face->getY(),
      $face->getX() + $face->getWidth(),
      $face->getY() + $face->getHeight(),
      new CvScalar(0, 255, 0),
      2    );
  }

  // 在新窗口中显示图像  $window = new CvWindow('Face Recognition');
  $window->showImage($image);
  $window->waitKey();
}

recognizeFace('/path/to/input/image.jpg');

总结

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